Tuplet

A tuplet is a group of notes played in the time of a different note value than would normally fit. The most common tuplet is the triplet — three notes played in the time of two notes of the same value. Other tuplets include duplets (two in the time of three), quintuplets (five in the time of four), septuplets (seven in the time of four or six), and so on.

Tuplets are notated with a numeral above or below the grouped notes (a ‘3’ for a triplet, ‘5’ for a quintuplet, etc.), often with a small bracket if the notes are not beamed together. The numeral indicates how many notes are squeezed into the equivalent time of fewer notes.

Tuplets create rhythmic complexity and surprise. A passage of straight eighth notes interrupted by a triplet feels rhythmically displaced; a quintuplet creates an even more unstable rhythm. Composers use tuplets for expressive flexibility and rhythmic variety.

English, ‘tuple’ + diminutive ‘-et’. The term derives from the mathematical concept of a tuple.

Practice tuplets with a metronome. The notes within the tuplet should be evenly spaced; the total duration must match the indicated equivalent. Triplets are easiest; higher tuplets require more careful counting.