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Breath Mark

/brɛθ mɑːrk/breth mark

ArticulationEnglish

Definition. A symbol (usually an apostrophe-like mark, ’) indicating where to take a breath, typically used in vocal and wind music.

Detailed Explanation

The breath mark, usually shown as an apostrophe-like symbol (’) above the staff, indicates a place where the performer should take a breath. The marking is most commonly used in vocal music and wind playing, where breathing affects phrasing.

In vocal music, the breath mark tells the singer where to plan an inhalation. Singers cannot sustain unlimited phrases; the composer or editor places breath marks at logical phrase points to ensure the music breathes naturally and the singer doesn’t gasp at awkward moments.

In wind playing, the same logic applies. Wind players need to breathe; the breath mark indicates where to do so. In string playing the marking is sometimes used to indicate a slight lift or break, even though string players don’t need to breathe in the same sense.

Etymology

English, descriptive: a mark indicating breath.

In Practice

Take the breath quickly and silently. The breath mark should not interrupt the musical flow significantly — the listener may not even notice it. Plan ahead to ensure the breath is sufficient for the next phrase.