Piano (dynamic)
Definition. Soft — a moderate-quiet dynamic level. Notated *p*. (Not to be confused with the piano keyboard instrument.)
Detailed Explanation
Piano, notated as p, is the standard Italian marking for ‘soft’. It is one of the two foundational dynamic levels (forte and piano), and the entire vocabulary of dynamic markings is built around their interplay.
The word ‘piano’ as a dynamic predates the keyboard instrument. The instrument we now call ‘piano’ is properly called ‘fortepiano’ or ‘pianoforte’ — a name describing its capacity to play both forte (loud) and piano (soft), in contrast to the harpsichord which has limited dynamic control. The shortening to ‘piano’ is purely linguistic convenience.
As a dynamic, piano is moderately quiet — louder than pianissimo, softer than mezzo-piano. It is the workhorse of soft writing: most lyrical melodic lines, accompaniments, and intimate passages live in piano. The character is gentle, conversational, intimate. A passage marked piano should feel approachable, like a private confidence.
Etymology
Italian, ‘soft, gentle’, from Latin planus (‘flat, level, smooth, gentle’).
In Practice
Piano does not mean weak. The tone should remain full and supported, just at a lower volume. Avoid the trap of underplaying — piano should still sing and project, just gently.
Notable Examples
- Mozart — Most slow movements (extensive piano writing)
- Schubert — Lieder (predominant piano dynamic in intimate songs)
Related Terms
Opposite Of
Frequently Asked Questions
Piano (dynamic) nghĩa là gì trong âm nhạc?
Soft — a moderate-quiet dynamic level. Notated p. (Not to be confused with the piano keyboard instrument.)
Từ Piano (dynamic) bắt nguồn từ đâu?
Italian, ‘soft, gentle’, from Latin planus (‘flat, level, smooth, gentle’).
Piano (dynamic) được thể hiện thế nào trong thực tế?
Piano does not mean weak. The tone should remain full and supported, just at a lower volume. Avoid the trap of underplaying — piano should still sing and project, just gently.
Piano (dynamic) thường được viết tắt ra sao?
Piano (dynamic) thường được viết tắt là p.
Những thuật ngữ âm nhạc nào liên quan đến Piano (dynamic)?
Thuật ngữ liên quan: Pianissimo, Mezzo-piano, Mezzo-forte, Dolce.
Practice with Songtive's free tools
Hear this term applied — explore chord charts, fingerings and the music engine.
Piano chordsGuitar chordsVirtual piano
