Note Frequencies
The frequency in hertz of every note on an 88-key piano, from A0 (27.5 Hz) to C8 (4186 Hz), tuned in equal temperament with A4 = 440 Hz. MIDI note numbers included.
| Note | MIDI | Frequency (Hz) |
|---|---|---|
| A0 | 21 | 27.5 |
| A♯0 | 22 | 29.14 |
| B0 | 23 | 30.87 |
| C1 | 24 | 32.7 |
| C♯1 | 25 | 34.65 |
| D1 | 26 | 36.71 |
| D♯1 | 27 | 38.89 |
| E1 | 28 | 41.2 |
| F1 | 29 | 43.65 |
| F♯1 | 30 | 46.25 |
| G1 | 31 | 49 |
| G♯1 | 32 | 51.91 |
| A1 | 33 | 55 |
| A♯1 | 34 | 58.27 |
| B1 | 35 | 61.74 |
| C2 | 36 | 65.41 |
| C♯2 | 37 | 69.3 |
| D2 | 38 | 73.42 |
| D♯2 | 39 | 77.78 |
| E2 | 40 | 82.41 |
| F2 | 41 | 87.31 |
| F♯2 | 42 | 92.5 |
| G2 | 43 | 98 |
| G♯2 | 44 | 103.83 |
| A2 | 45 | 110 |
| A♯2 | 46 | 116.54 |
| B2 | 47 | 123.47 |
| C3 | 48 | 130.81 |
| C♯3 | 49 | 138.59 |
| D3 | 50 | 146.83 |
| D♯3 | 51 | 155.56 |
| E3 | 52 | 164.81 |
| F3 | 53 | 174.61 |
| F♯3 | 54 | 185 |
| G3 | 55 | 196 |
| G♯3 | 56 | 207.65 |
| A3 | 57 | 220 |
| A♯3 | 58 | 233.08 |
| B3 | 59 | 246.94 |
| C4 | 60 | 261.63 |
| C♯4 | 61 | 277.18 |
| D4 | 62 | 293.66 |
| D♯4 | 63 | 311.13 |
| E4 | 64 | 329.63 |
| F4 | 65 | 349.23 |
| F♯4 | 66 | 369.99 |
| G4 | 67 | 392 |
| G♯4 | 68 | 415.3 |
| A4 | 69 | 440 |
| A♯4 | 70 | 466.16 |
| B4 | 71 | 493.88 |
| C5 | 72 | 523.25 |
| C♯5 | 73 | 554.37 |
| D5 | 74 | 587.33 |
| D♯5 | 75 | 622.25 |
| E5 | 76 | 659.26 |
| F5 | 77 | 698.46 |
| F♯5 | 78 | 739.99 |
| G5 | 79 | 783.99 |
| G♯5 | 80 | 830.61 |
| A5 | 81 | 880 |
| A♯5 | 82 | 932.33 |
| B5 | 83 | 987.77 |
| C6 | 84 | 1046.5 |
| C♯6 | 85 | 1108.73 |
| D6 | 86 | 1174.66 |
| D♯6 | 87 | 1244.51 |
| E6 | 88 | 1318.51 |
| F6 | 89 | 1396.91 |
| F♯6 | 90 | 1479.98 |
| G6 | 91 | 1567.98 |
| G♯6 | 92 | 1661.22 |
| A6 | 93 | 1760 |
| A♯6 | 94 | 1864.66 |
| B6 | 95 | 1975.53 |
| C7 | 96 | 2093 |
| C♯7 | 97 | 2217.46 |
| D7 | 98 | 2349.32 |
| D♯7 | 99 | 2489.02 |
| E7 | 100 | 2637.02 |
| F7 | 101 | 2793.83 |
| F♯7 | 102 | 2959.96 |
| G7 | 103 | 3135.96 |
| G♯7 | 104 | 3322.44 |
| A7 | 105 | 3520 |
| A♯7 | 106 | 3729.31 |
| B7 | 107 | 3951.07 |
| C8 | 108 | 4186.01 |
How note frequencies are calculated
In twelve-tone equal temperament every semitone has the same frequency ratio: the twelfth root of two (≈ 1.0595). The formula is f = 440 × 2^((m − 69) / 12), where m is the MIDI note number and 69 is A4.
Doubling a frequency raises the pitch by exactly one octave: A4 = 440 Hz, A5 = 880 Hz, A3 = 220 Hz. Some orchestras tune slightly higher (442–443 Hz), and historical tunings such as A4 = 432 Hz shift the whole table proportionally.
Frequently asked questions
What frequency is middle C?
Middle C (C4, MIDI 60) is approximately 261.63 Hz in equal temperament with A4 = 440 Hz.
Why is A4 440 Hz?
A4 = 440 Hz was standardized internationally in 1939 (ISO 16) as a compromise between the various concert pitches in use. Before that, reference pitch varied by region and era from about 415 to 466 Hz.
How does frequency relate to octaves?
Each octave doubles the frequency. Going up one octave multiplies the frequency by 2; going down divides it by 2. Each semitone within the octave multiplies frequency by 2^(1/12).
