Chord Formulas & Symbols

How chords are built: each row shows a chord type with C as the root — its symbol, full name, notes, and interval structure in semitones. Click a symbol to open the full chord page with fingering and inversions.

SymbolAlso written asNotes (from C)Semitones
CCM, CΔ, Cmaj, CMajorC, E, G0–4–7
CmC-, Cmin, CMinorC, E♭, G0–3–7
C+Caug, CAugmentedC, E, G♯0–4–8
Cb5CMb5, CΔ-5C, E, G♭0–4–6
C°Cmb5, Cmo5, Cdim, CDiminishedC, E♭, G♭0–3–6
Csus2C2C, D, G0–2–7
Csus2b5C2-5, Csus2-5C, D, G♭0–2–6
Csus4Csus, C4, Cadd4C, F, G0–5–7
C5C, G0–7
Csus24Csus42C, D, F, G0–2–5–7
C2Cadd2, Cadd9C, E, G, D0–4–7–14
Cm#5C-#5C, E♭, G♯0–3–8
Cmsus2C-sus, CminsusC, D, E♭0–2–3
Cm2Cmadd2, Cmadd9C, E♭, G, D0–3–7–14
C6CM6, Cmaj6C, E, G, A0–4–7–9
C6mCmin6C, E♭, G, A0–3–7–9
C6/9CM6/9C, E, G, A, D0–4–7–9–14
CM♯11CM+11C, E, G, F♯0–4–7–18
C7CdomC, E, G, B♭0–4–7–10
CM7CMa7, Cj7, CΔ7, CΔ, Cmaj7C, E, G, B0–4–7–11
CM7b5CMa7b5, Cj7b5, CΔ7b5, CΔb5, Cmaj7b5C, E, G♭, B0–4–6–11
CM7sus2CMa7sus2, Cj7sus2, CΔ7sus2, CΔsus2, Cmaj7sus2, Cmajor7sus2C, D, G, B0–2–7–11
CM7sus4CMa7sus4, Csus7, Cj7sus4, CΔ7sus4, CΔsus4, Cmaj7sus4, Cmajor7sus4C, F, G, B0–5–7–11
CM7sus24CMa7sus24, Cj7sus24, CΔ7sus24, CΔsus24, Cmaj7sus24, Cmajor7sus24C, D, F, G, B0–2–5–7–11
Cm7C-7, Cmin7C, E♭, G, B♭0–3–7–10
C57C, G, B♭0–7–10
CmM7Cm#7, C-M7, C−Δ7, C−Δ, Cminmaj7C, E♭, G, B0–3–7–11
CmM7b5C, E♭, G♭, B0–3–6–11
C+M7C+Δ, CM7♯5, CM7+5, CΔ♯5, CΔ+5, Caugmaj7C, E, G♯, B0–4–8–11
C+7C7♯5, C7+5, Caug7C, E, G♯, B♭0–4–8–10
CØCØ7, Cø, Cø7, Cm7b5, Cm7°5, C−7b5, C−7°5, Cmin7dim5, Cmin7b5C, E♭, G♭, B♭0–3–6–10
Co7C°7, Cdim7C, E♭, G♭, B♭♭0–3–6–9
C7b5CM7b5, CM7b5, CM7b5, Cdom7dim5C, E, G♭, B♭0–4–6–10
C7♯9C, E, G, B♭, D♯0–4–7–10–15
CM7♯9CMa7♯9, CΔ7♯9, CΔ♯9C, E, G, B, D♯0–4–7–11–15
Cm7♯9C-7♯9C, E♭, G, B♭, D♯0–3–7–10–15
C7b9C, E, G, B♭, D♭0–4–7–10–13
CM7b9CMa7b9, CΔ7b9, CΔb9C, E, G, B, D♭0–4–7–11–13
Cm7b9C-7b9C, E♭, G, B♭, D♭0–3–7–10–13
CmM7b9Cm#7b9, C-M7b9, C−Δ7b9, C−Δb9C, E♭, G, B, D♭0–3–7–11–13
C+M7b9C+Δb9, CM7♯5b9, CM7+5b9, CΔ♯5b9, CΔ+5b9C, E, G♯, B, D♭0–4–8–11–13
C+7b9C7♯5b9, C7+5b9C, E, G♯, B♭, D♭0–4–8–10–13
CØb9CØ7b9, Cøb9, Cø7b9, Cm7b5b9, Cm7°5b9, C−7b5b9, C−7°5b9C, E♭, G♭, B♭, D♭0–3–6–10–13
Co7b9C°7b9C, E♭, G♭, B♭♭, D♭0–3–6–9–13
C7b5b9C, E, G♭, B♭, D♭0–4–6–10–13
C7/6C7, 6C, E, G, A, B♭0–4–7–9–10
C7/6sus2C7, 6sus2C, E, G, A, B♭, D0–4–7–9–10–2
C7/6sus4C7, 6sus4C, E, G, A, B♭, D, F0–4–7–9–10–2–5
C7/6sus4C7, 6sus4C, E, G, A, B♭, D, F0–4–7–9–10–2–5
C7sus4C7sus, C11C, F, G, B♭0–5–7–10
C7sus2C, D, G, B♭0–2–7–10
C7sus24C, D, F, G, B♭0–2–5–7–10
C7♯11C, E, G, B♭, F♯0–4–7–10–18
C7b13C7-13C, E, G, B♭, A♭0–4–7–10–20
CM7♯11CΔ7♯11C, E, G, B, F♯0–4–7–11–18
Cm7♯11C−7♯11C, E♭, G, B♭, F♯0–3–7–10–18
C7susb13C7sus°13C, F, G, B♭, A♭0–5–7–10–20
CM9CΔ9, Cmaj9C, E, G, B, D0–4–7–11–14
C9C7/9, C79, C97, Cdom9C, E, G, B♭, D0–4–7–10–14
CmM9C-M9, Cminmaj9C, E♭, G, B, D0–3–7–11–14
Cm9C-9, Cmin9C, E♭, G, B♭, D0–3–7–10–14
C+M9Caugmaj9C, E, G♯, B, D0–4–8–11–14
C+M7♯9C+Δ♯9, CM7♯5♯9, CM7+5+9, CΔ♯5♯9, CΔ+5+9C, E, G♯, B, D♯0–4–8–11–15
C+9C9#5, Caug9C, E, G♯, B♭, D0–4–8–10–14
CØ9C, E♭, G♭, B♭, D0–3–6–10–14
CØb9C, E♭, G♭, B♭, D♭0–3–6–10–13
C°9Cdim9C, E♭, G♭, B♭♭, D0–3–6–9–14
C°b9Cdimb9C, E♭, G♭, B♭♭, D♭0–3–6–9–13
C+7♯9C7♯5♯9, C7+5+9C, E, G♯, B♭, D♯0–4–8–10–15
CM11CΔ11, Cmaj11C, E, G, B, D, F0–4–7–11–14–17
Cm11C-11, Cmin11C, E♭, G, B♭, D, F0–3–7–10–14–17
CmM11C-M11, Cminmaj11C, E♭, G, B, D, F0–3–7–11–14–17
C7♯9♯11C7+9+11C, E, G, B, D♯, F♯0–4–7–11–15–18
Cm11b5b9Cm11°5b9, C−11b5b9, C−11°5b9C, E♭, G♭, B♭, D♭, F0–3–6–10–13–17
Cm11b9C−11b9C, E♭, G, B♭, D♭, F0–3–7–10–13–17
CM9♯11C9+11C, E, G, B, D, F♯0–4–7–11–14–18
C11Cdom11C, E, G, B♭, D, F0–4–7–10–14–17
CM13CΔ13, Cmaj13C, E, G, B, D, F, A0–4–7–11–14–17–21
Cm13C-13, Cmin13C, E♭, G, B♭, D, F, A0–3–7–10–14–17–21
C13Cdom13C, E, G, B♭, D, F, A0–4–7–10–14–17–21
C13(no9)C, E, G, B♭, F, A0–4–7–10–17–21
CmM13C-M13, Cminmaj13C, E♭, G, B, D, F, A0–3–7–11–14–17–21
C11susC9sus4C, G, B♭, D, F0–7–10–14–17
C11sus♯13C11susadd♯13C, G, B♭, D, F, A♯0–7–10–14–17–22
Cm6/9Cm6, 9C, E♭, G, A, D0–3–7–9–14
C9♯11C, E, G, B♭, D, F♯0–4–7–10–14–18
C13♯11C, E, G, B♭, D, F♯, A0–4–7–10–14–18–21
Cadd11C, E, G, F0–4–7–17
Cmadd11C, E♭, G, F0–3–7–17
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How to read chord formulas

A chord formula describes which intervals a chord stacks on its root. A major triad is 0–4–7 semitones (root, major third, perfect fifth); a minor triad lowers the third: 0–3–7. Seventh chords add a third on top: Cmaj7 is 0–4–7–11, C7 is 0–4–7–10.

The same formula works from any root: transpose the semitone offsets to another root note and you get the same chord type in a different key. Use this chart together with the scales pages to find which chords fit a key.

Frequently asked questions

What is a chord formula?

A chord formula is the set of intervals, usually written in semitones or scale degrees, that defines a chord type regardless of its root — for example major = 0–4–7 semitones (1–3–5).

What is the difference between C7 and Cmaj7?

C7 (dominant seventh) uses a minor seventh: C–E–G–B♭ (0–4–7–10). Cmaj7 uses a major seventh: C–E–G–B (0–4–7–11). The single semitone difference completely changes the chord's function.

How do I use chord formulas on other roots?

Add the same semitone offsets to any root. A minor triad (0–3–7) from A gives A–C–E; from F♯ it gives F♯–A–C♯. The chord type stays the same, only the pitch changes.

Related tools & references